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Neither "ataraxia" nor "not ataraxia", but "Joy as the goal"

  • Kalosyni
  • February 25, 2026 at 10:08 AM
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  • Kalosyni
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    • May 3, 2026 at 8:32 AM
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    Don I am grateful to read your your very good and helpful input on this thread. :)

    Matteng and wbernys I think it is important to consider that the teachings of Epicurus are not presented in a linear fashion - and you need to look at the whole picture.

    We see in PD27, it says: "Of all the things which wisdom acquires to produce the blessedness of the complete life, far the greatest is the possession of friendship."

    This PD brings in the idea of "the blessedness of the complete life".

    The primary ancient Greek word for the blessedness of a complete (fortunate) life is makarios (μακάριος), often used to describe the enviable state of the gods or the self-sustained blessedness of a life where all needs are met. Another crucial term for the enduring, flourishing "good life" is eudaimonia (εὐδαιμονία), representing lasting happiness and prosperity.

    • "Blessedness" - Makarios (μακάριος): Refers to a state of supreme happiness, often signifying being blessed or fortunate, particularly used to describe divine existence or the secure, self-sustained state of the wealthy. It implies a total satisfaction where all needs are met and secured, frequently translated as "blessed" or "happy".
    • Eudaimonia (εὐδαιμονία): Translates to "happiness," "flourishing," or "living well." It is often considered the pinnacle of human life, as a life of complete well-being rather than just a fleeting emotion.

    At the end of the Letter to Menoeceus we see:

    "Meditate therefore on these things and things akin to them night and day by yourself; and with a companion like to yourself, and never shall you be disturbed waking or asleep, but you shall live like a god among men. For a man who lives among immortal blessings is not like unto a mortal being."

    For me, it seems clear in my imagination that the gods are living in a state of joy.

  • Kalosyni
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    • May 3, 2026 at 9:00 AM
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    • #22
    Quote from Kalosyni

    At the end of the Letter to Menoeceus we see:

    "Meditate therefore on these things and things akin to them night and day by yourself; and with a companion like to yourself, and never shall you be disturbed waking or asleep, but you shall live like a god among men. For a man who lives among immortal blessings is not like unto a mortal being."

    For me, it seems clear in my imagination that the gods are living in a state of joy.

    There is lots of good discussion happening here. But I wanted to re-state what and why I titled this thread as: "Neither "ataraxia" nor "not ataraxia" but "Joy as the goal". Perhaps it would have been more clear if I had said "eudiamonia" instead of joy.

    My primary intention is for us to get out of our heads the common mantra put forward by the internet search engines (and by many philosophy scholars) that the end-all, be-all goal of Epicureanism is ataraxia. It's like this: Let's say you have a goal of having an omlet for breakfast. But then you state: "My goal is eggs". And you ignore that there is something much bigger (the omlet) which contains cheese and all the veggies (plus milk, and butter and a hot frying pan) that go into the omlet and the making of the omlet.

  • Don
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    • May 3, 2026 at 9:30 AM
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    • #23
    Quote from Kalosyni

    "Neither "ataraxia" nor "not ataraxia" but "Joy as the goal".

    Singling out any one of the examples that Epicurus gives (ataraxia, aponia, khara, euphrosyne) as THE goal is problematic to different degrees.

    Saying something like Pleasure is The Goal takes in the full spectrum of pleasure writ large.

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