What fears does modern science remove, as Epicurean physics did in antiquity?

Good question and good example. Understanding that germs and viruses and the link are simply unintelligent "robots" and seeing pictures of them makes it even more clear that they are not supernatural agents.

Of course the other side doesn't give up, and every new discovery is used to make the "argument from design" that all this could not have arisen naturally.

In regard to the size of the universe, we see ever more detailed pictures of space, further and further out, an that ought to enhance our appreciation of infinity. However there again the "other side" can still omit the fact that what we are seeing is only observable universe and they can thereby confuse people into thinking that *everything* ( the universe as a whole) is expanding, when that is not the only logical deduction that is possible at all.

Overall though I think the advance in science is a huge net positive, mainly due to the availability of information over the internet.