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HISTORICAL REFERENCES TO "PEACE AND SAFETY" – ΕΙΡΗΝΗ ΚΑΙ ΑΣΦΑΛΕΙΑ

  • Eikadistes
  • May 28, 2021 at 3:42 PM
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    • May 28, 2021 at 3:42 PM
    • #1

    PEACE AND SAFETY - /'piːs ænd 'seɪf.tiː/

    PAX ET SECURITAS – /'pæks ɛt sɛːˈkuːri.taːs/

    Εἰρήνη καὶ ἀσφάλεια – /iː'riːniː cɛ as'faːliːa/

    ΕΙΡΗΝΗ ΚΑΙ ΑΣΦΑΛΕΙΑ – /e.'rɛ.nɛ kǎi̯ as.'pʰaːle.a/

    __________________________________________________


    Do we have any instances of this Epicurean saying besides 1 Thessalonians 5:3?

  • Don
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    • May 28, 2021 at 4:32 PM
    • #2

    Not that I ever remember seeing. There is no mention of Epicureans in Thessalonians either only in Acts. And those Epicureans just say WTF about Paul's teaching.

    I've personally chalked this one up to Dewitt's penchant for writing embellished historical fiction.

    PS: I have no problem with DeWitt's historical fiction, but I find that in checking the citations in Epicurus and His Philosophy that he'll sometimes take a tiny detail or one word and extrapolate a whole story from that. This might be one of those instances unless someone knows where there is mention of Peace and Safety as a greeting or motto in the Epicurean texts. I'll happily give a mea culpa.

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    • May 28, 2021 at 5:17 PM
    • #3
    Quote from Don

    I've personally chalked this one up to Dewitt's penchant for writing embellished historical fiction.

    I think I agree as to this "Peace and Safety" watchword business. I think it's a reasonable extrapolation, but it needs to be clearly considered to be that.

    In earlier years I tended myself to use that phrase a lot and I think I used it frequently at NewEpicurean.com. However I've consciously stopped doing that in recent years, and I am about ready to deprecate it entirely, especially since it doesn't fit well with the "warrior Epicurean" approach that I think is more accurate. It might also possibly be a phrase that the Christians were using in a deprecating manner, which is an aspect that DeWitt might not have approved of in the way he described it.

    All in all I think this is one of the examples that I would most frequently cite as a point of departure between me and DeWitt.

    I don't think it's totally harmful, and I can see the strong attraction of wanting to give people who are familiar with Christianity a reason to be interested in Epicurus, but I do think this is overplayed.

    I haven't pulled out DeWitt to check the reference before writing this, but I definitely agree with this:

    Quote from Don

    This might be one of those instances unless someone knows where there is mention of Peace and Safety as a greeting or motto in the Epicurean texts. I'll happily give a mea culpa.

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    • May 28, 2021 at 5:19 PM
    • #4

    A similar instance is DeWitt's "sound mind in a sound body" which I think is more likely to be accurate and representative, but which might be an embellishment to imply that it was a formulation that the Epicureans used. It's a pretty obvious concept and the more obvious something is the less likely I think the Epicureans would have considered it something unique to them.

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    • May 28, 2021 at 5:22 PM
    • #5

    Rather than "Peace and Safety" it is more likely that Epicurus' motto was "Total War Against the Establishment!" :)

  • Don
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    • May 28, 2021 at 7:18 PM
    • #6
    Quote from Cassius

    A similar instance is DeWitt's "sound mind in a sound body" which I think is more likely to be accurate and representative, but which might be an embellishment to imply that it was a formulation that the Epicureans used. It's a pretty obvious concept and the more obvious something is the less likely I think the Epicureans would have considered it something unique to them.

    I'll give Dewitt that the Epicureans had that concept: health of the body and the serenity of the soul/mind/psychē (Letter to Menoikeus).

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    • May 28, 2021 at 7:21 PM
    • #7

    FYI https://www.bibleref.com/1-Thessalonian…onians-5-3.html

    This is a better option: https://www.bibleref.com/1-Thessalonian…onians-5-3.html

  • Don
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    • May 28, 2021 at 9:22 PM
    • #8
    Quote
    The followers of Epicurus after his death, though diligent cultivators of peace and safety, continued to display the same belligerency as their founder. According to Lucian it was chiefly the Epicureans who summoned up courage to defy Alexander the False Prophet, and the only man to accuse him to his face on a specific charge was an Epicurean,who almost paid for his daring by his life.117 Upward of a century before the date of this alleged occurrence it was the Epicureans in Thessalonica who by their derision aroused the indignation of St. Paul, then prophesying the second coming of Christ. In his retort he denied them the honor of mention by name but identified them adequately by those catchwords of their creed, "Peace and Safety."118 It may be added that the Epicureans, as usual, were in the right; the prophecy was not fulfilled. (NWD, EahP, p 285)

    Just one example from Epicurus and His Philosophy.

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    • May 28, 2021 at 9:25 PM
    • #9

    There are numerous "peace and safety" references in EaHP, but this will do to illustrate my point. Citation 117 simply points to Lucian's Alexander the Oracle-monger, 25:44-46. 118 just points to I Thessalonians 5:3. That's it. And I believe most of not all of the other "peace and safety" point to the same Bible verse.

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    • May 29, 2021 at 10:04 AM
    • #10

    I think I agree that DeWitt's reach exceeded his grasp on this point. It is far from settled, in my view, that "Peace and Safety" was a watchword among Epicureans. But it ought not be controversial that these were important, and they were often presented as a pair:

    Peace and Safety

    Quote

    But nothing brings more joy than to live well

    in serene high sanctuaries fortified

    by wise men’s learning—where you can look down

    on other men, see them wandering around

    in all directions, roaming here and there,

    looking for a path in life, competing

    in their natural gifts, striving for honours,

    seeking with all their effort night and day

    to rise to the top, to win great power.

    O wretched minds of men, O blinded hearts!

    In what living darkness, what great dangers,

    you spend your lives, however long they last!

    Do you not notice nature barking out

    her one demand, that pain be kept away,

    divorced from body, so that, free from care,

    free from fear, she may derive enjoyment

    in her mind from a sense of pleasure?

    Hence, we see that for our body’s nature

    only a few things are truly needed—

    the ones which do away with any pain.

    -Lucretius

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    Quote

    It is not the young man who should be thought happy, but the old man who has lived a good life. For the young man at the height of his powers is unstable and is carried this way and that by fortune, like a headlong stream. But the old man has come to anchor in old age as though in port, and the good things for which before he hardly hoped he has brought into safe harbor in his grateful recollections.

    -VS 17

    Quote

    There is no advantage to obtaining protection from other men so long as we are alarmed by events above or below the earth or in general by whatever happens in the boundless universe.

    -VS 72

    And yes, Lucian;

    Quote

    The fellow had no conception of the blessings conferred by that book upon its readers, of the peace, tranquillity, and independence of mind it produces, of the protection it gives against terrors, phantoms, and marvels, vain hopes and inordinate desires, of the judgement and candour that it fosters, or of its true purging of the spirit, not with torches and squills and such rubbish, but with right reason, truth, and frankness.

    Quote

    For the end of all our actions is to be free from pain and fear, and, when once we have attained all this, the tempest of the soul is laid;

    -Letter to Menoeceus

    And in a similar vein:

    Quote

    Know then, that the only aim of the knowledge of the heavenly phenomena, both those which are spoken of in contact with one another, and of those which have a spontaneous existence, is that freedom from anxiety, and that calmness which is derived from a firm belief; and this is the aim of every other science.

    -Letter to Pythocles

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    • May 29, 2021 at 11:29 AM
    • #11

    Great research Joshua thank you! Aside from the merits of the point, which I think you're exactly right on, I guess I should add that even where DeWitt goes full-bore extrapolation, I'd say his extrapolations are never so wild that they deviate from the core of the philosophy. DeWitt may tend to see it in places that not all of us agree it really exists, but I'm not sure I am aware of a single instance where what he claims to be seeing is something other than an Epicurean doctrine. Both "peace and safety" and "sound mind and sound body" are surely points that Epicurus was teaching in some form.

  • Kalosyni December 16, 2024 at 6:44 PM

    Moved the thread from forum General Discussion to forum Epicurus And His Philosophy - General.

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